Massive Dome Top of the Pantheon
The concrete dome is 20 feet (6 m) thick at the base and tapers to 7.5 feet (2.3 m) thick at the oculus. Without materials like rebar to hold the dome in tension, the massive concrete rings create a buttress-like effect that forces the dome into constant compression. The concrete dome weighs an astounding 5,000 tons (4,535 t).
Image by Anthony Majanlahti
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Posted to The Pantheon: A Temple to All Gods
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Image by Anthony Majanlahti via Monolithic Dome Institute (CC BY 2.0)